1.
Control the narrative AND the supply. De Beers mastered mass media manipulation, but when they lost control of both the message (social media) and supply (cheap lab tech), the whole model collapsed.
2.
What creates you eventually kills you. The same mass media that built the diamond myth became social media that exposed it. Your competitive advantage has an expiration date.
3.
Manufactured scarcity only works if no one can call your bluff. Once $200K buys you a diamond factory on Alibaba, the 'rare gemstone' story dies and prices crater 74%.